Extensions de fichiers sous GNOME
Sauter à la navigation
Sauter à la recherche
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.
(Tested with GNOME 2.14)
2 steps:
- Map your extension with a MIME type
- Map this MIME type to an application
The goal is to map .eml
with a locally installed Thunderbird (~/software/thunderbird/thunderbird
).
Map your extension with a MIME type
- (needed?) Declare the MIME type in /etc/mime.types
ex:
application/local.mozilla.thunderbird eml
- Declare the MIME type in /usr/share/mime/packages/
ex: /usr/share/mime/packages/thunderbird.xml :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <mime-info xmlns='http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/shared-mime-info'> <mime-type type="application/local.mozilla.thunderbird"> <comment>Saved mail</comment> <comment xml:lang="fr">Courriel enregistré</comment> <glob pattern="*.eml"/> </mime-type> </mime-info>
- Refresh the mime cache:
update-mime-cache /usr/share/mime/
Map your MIME type to an application
- You can right-click on a file with your extension, and select "Open with".
~/.local/share/applications/*.desktop ~/.local/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
- You can create a site-wide .desktop with 'NoDisplay=true' so it doesn't show in the Applications menu
/usr/local/share/applications/*.desktop /usr/local/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
or
/usr/share/applications/*.desktop /usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
Then update the cache with:
update-desktop-database
More: create a 'file'-like file detection. Currently the added MIME type conflicts with 'plain text'.
Files
/etc/mime.types # MIME declaration /usr/share/mime/packages/*.xml # glob /usr/share/mime/application/*.xml # cache? /usr/share/mime/mime.cache # cache /usr/share/mime-info/*.mime # ? /usr/share/mime-info/*.keys # ? /usr/share/application-registry/*.applications # priority? /usr/share/applications/*.desktop # menu entry and App->MIMEs association /usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache # MIME->Apps association cache /usr/share/applications/defaults.list # priority override
/usr/local/share/applications/ # alternate hierarchy ~/.local/share/applications/ # alternate hierarchy
Priority precedence:
~/.local/share/applications/defaults.list [Gnome hard-coded priorities, e.g. abiword.desktop - ugh >p] /usr/local/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list
Sample defaults.list:
[Default Applications] application/msword=openoffice.org2.4-writer.desktop
Icons:
/usr/share/icons/*/*/mimetypes ex: /usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/mimetypes/openofficeorg23-text.png
TODO
- /usr/share/application-registry/*.applications
(for priority/precedence?)
- Do we need to use these:
/usr/share/mime-info/*.mime /usr/share/mime-info/*.keys
Avoid Abiword hard-coded high priorioty
dpkg-divert --rename \ --divert /usr/share/applications/abiword-nothardcoded.desktop\ /usr/share/applications/abiword.desktop update-desktop-database
Links
- http://kapo-cpp.blogspot.com/2008/02/register-your-own-mime-type-on-free.html
- Un bon résumé
- Mention des xdg-utils qui font le travail plus proprement
- http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/806-6878/6jfpqt2tp?a=view
- /usr/share/gnome/application-registry
- /usr/share/application-registry/ (Debian)
- http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=726230
- update-desktop-database (man -> undocumented)
- /usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
- http://forum.ubuntu-fr.org/viewtopic.php?id=160531
- update-mime-database /usr/share/mime/
- Gnome/KDE file associations
- /usr/share/applications/defaults.list
- Local overrides
- /usr/share/applications/defaults.list
- (?) /etc/gnome/defaults.list
- ~/.local/share/applications/defaults.list